POEM 1/ March 30

(443)

I tie my Hat — I crease my Shawl —
Life's little duties do — precisely —
As the very least
Were infinite — to me —

I put new Blossoms in the Glass —
And throw the old — away —
I push a petal from my Gown
That anchored there — I weigh
The time 'twill be till six o'clock
I have so much to do —
And yet — Existence — some way back —
Stopped — struck — my ticking — through —
We cannot put Ourself away
As a completed Man
Or Woman — When the Errand's done
We came to Flesh — upon —
There may be — Miles on Miles of Nought —
Of Action — sicker far —
To simulate — is stinging work —
To cover what we are
From Science — and from Surgery —
Too Telescopic Eyes
To bear on us unshaded —
For their — sake — not for Ours —
'Twould start them —
We — could tremble —
But since we got a Bomb —
And held it in our Bosom —
Nay — Hold it — it is calm —

Therefore — we do life's labor —
Though life's Reward — be done —
With scrupulous exactness —
To hold our Senses — on —


*

This little poem about the agony of "weighing" the time "till six o'clock" is one of Dickinson's great explorations of domestic routine as measured against eternity. "I have much to do" she writes; and yet "existence--some way back--/stopped--stuck--my ticking through."

I chose to look at it first in our "stopped--stuck" semester, because we're all suddenly keenly aware of "existence" itself as we reestablish routines "as the very least/ were infinite." I'm sure it has occurred to you that our interiors--our bounded environments, however large or small, and wherever we find ourselves--are suddenly our entire worlds; our predicament or opportunity mirrors Dickinson's.

*

Remember eons ago, when we had our last class together, we were thinking about the publication histories of Dickinson's poems. A brief recap: she hand-wrote them on stationery, notebook paper, or, sometimes, scraps she found around her house; ten or so were taken from her and published without her permission; many of the rest were found by her sister, after her death, in a locked drawer in her bedroom, with another large group in the possession of her sister-in-law, Susan Gilbert Dickinson.

There are two important editions of her poems. The number on this one, 443, is the file number used by Thomas Johnson, who edited the first important modern edition of her work in the fifties. But R.W. Franklin, who published his own edition decades later, made many discoveries in the meantime. This is poem # 522 in Franklin. Franklin also  significantly changes Johnson's version of the poem. Here is Franklin's poem # 508:

(508)

A Pit — but Heaven over it —
A Pit — but Heaven over it —
And Heaven beside, and Heaven abroad;
And yet a Pit —
With Heaven over it.

To stir would be to slip —
To look would be to drop —
To dream — to sap the Prop
That holds my chances up.
Ah! Pit! With Heaven over it!

The depth is all my thought —
I dare not ask my feet —
'Twould start us where we sit
So straight you'd scarce suspect
It was a Pit — with fathoms under it —
It's Circuit just the same
Whose Doom to whom
'Twould start them –
We – could tremble –
But since we got a Bomb –
And held it in our Bosom –
Nay – Hold it – it is calm –

*

So, in the comments section, I welcome any and all responses and any and all kinds of responses. If the question of those lines in bold, above, interests you, then see if you can find out on the archive or through other research what's up. 

You could also discuss the lines in bold, and why they do or do not belong with poem 443. Where are they better suited? It's obviously not possible to determine what ED intended, so it's up to us to figure it out.

I'd also welcome comments on some of the lines/images/distinctions that intrigue you, or especially characteristic words or ideas you've encountered from other ED poems, or things that seem surprising, out of left field. 

We'll discuss this poem tomorrow in our Zoom session--more on that soon.

Dan

Comments

  1. Hi everyone! I hope you are all staying safe during these hectic times. I did a little digging on the lines in bold. It seems that the lines in bold were actually written on a separate piece of paper than either of the two larger poems. Both editors must have interpreted this as Dickinson finishing a poem. Interestingly, the final stanza of the first poem (443) is written bellow the lines in bold on the same sheet of paper. However, there are horizontal lines above and below this stanza. It is interesting to see how Johnson interpreted this as merely a stanza break, but with all lines belonging to the same poem. In contrast, Franklin seems to have interpreted this as the last lines of two separate poems. Personally, I think the bolded lines flow better with the second poem, grammatically and phonetically. When I read these aloud to myself, the ending of the first poem started to get a little choppy, like the rhythm wasn't quite right, and it was a lot easier to find thee rhythm with the second poem as written. Anyways, stay safe and sane!

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  2. Hey guys! I want to reiterate what Cece said about these times and I hope all is well in your lives. I was really struck by "I tie my hat -- I crease my shawl --" (443) as I'm sure many of us were. I did not quite catch the tone of domesticity that I know is certainly prevalent in the first half of this poem initially and pictured a tired, more feminine worker (outside of the home) who finally had time to reflect on her grand purpose in society. This was likely because my mind for the past two weeks has been filled with the news (and a few movies here and there). I couldn't help but align this poem's message on the important and ceaseless work that Dickinson describes with the essential workers that continue to maintain the fabric of our society. Like the domestic image presented, the nurses, doctors, grocery store workers, pharmacists, and government employees in today's crisis "...do life's labor ... [w]ith scrupulous exactness... ." Their work is never ending -- they must continue their essential duties in order for chaos to not descend. The duty of the essential worker, as we see today and in this poem, does not stop just because they are tired. They must persist because too much relies on them: another life (the Bomb, a child) or scientific advancement (telescopic eyes).

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  4. Hi, similar to what Cece and Victoria already mentioned, I hope everyone is somewhere safe and adjusting to the new “normal”! I agree that this poem is particularly fitting under the circumstances in which we currently all find ourselves, and the last two lines of the poem in particular resonated with me. It reads, “With scrupulous exactness — / To hold our Senses — on —” It seems that even the most normal and insignificant daily tasks described earlier in the poem, such as tying a hat or putting flowers in a glass, are now attended to with exquisite attention to detail. These tasks now serve as a welcome distraction to a life that has otherwise lost a particular sense of purpose. Similar to the way in which I view a lot of my daily tasks now, having a set and detailed way in which to approach things provides a sense of normalcy and keeps me sane. Despite how little or large the task may be, the amount of importance that Emily Dickinson places on them are astounding. They describe the most minute of details and frame it in the much larger context of existence. I appreciate this poem reminding me to hold onto something familiar (you all!) while navigating through these uncharted waters.

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  5. Hello everyone! I hope you are all healthy, happy, and safe during these uncertain times.

    I found "I tie my hat -- I crease my shawl --" (443) to be incredibly moving for this moment in our shared history. I believe the monotony of a routine enables not only a sense of normalcy, but moreover, a sense of comfort, grounding us in the pattern of our daily lives. The repetitive, near-ritualistic routine that Dickinson outlines in this poem draws a stark contrast to the complete loss of structure we have all adjusted to recently. In the first stanza when she discusses how life's "little duties" are "infinite," I was struck by how she narrates the infinite fulfillment and passion she finds in seemingly mundane tasks. It called to mind the image of her working through domestic tasks while taking respites to scribble down poetry on scrapped pieces of paper. I believe that the image of "Blossoms in the Glass" being replaced as they decay is a fitting metaphor for the passage of time. Especially as we find ourselves isolated from the ways in which we would normally pass the time or structure our days, the simple constancy of the lifespan of a plant is surprisingly grounding. The notion of being "weigh[ed]" by the clock striking six is universally-known, as even during an uncharted time, we all still feel the societal pressures of productivity. Dickinson states that we are so compelled to finish the work that we, in a literal sense, "cannot put Ourself away," or separate ourselves from the work until it has been completed. She goes even further to describe how the "stinging work," or our obligation to complete these menial tasks, can "cover what we are." I concur; we often use chores to escape more important tasks or questions that concern us, as the simple labor does not necessitate any higher order cognition. In my opinion, the most interesting parallel between the later edition and Dickinson's original work was the contrast between the images of the "Bomb" and "Bosom." In her initial words, I found that the bomb represented a relentless need for domestic efficiency, one that is biologically programmed into us as women. In the same way that the bosom supports child-rearing, the threat of the bomb's pending explosion gives women motivation to complete domestic tasks. In contrast, I found that the revision takes the "Bomb" from being an object that catalyzes action to an observation expectation or force that individuals hold and internalize. It is through this acquisition, that the domestic workers find themselves capable of remaining focused and resolute on these tasks. Only when they have finished, they can experience "life's Reward," implying that our only satisfaction comes with completing domestic work, a rather depressing and limiting depiction.

    That's all I have for now! Best wishes to everyone, and I look forward to seeing you all on Zoom tomorrow morning.

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  6. I really liked this poem as it truly is really ties in well with the ways in which we are all experiencing life right now. This feeling of “weighing the time” until it’s later in the evening… having “so much to do” yet not being able to do it. Dickinson seems to be in a state of reflection, as I think many of us are now. When the mundane everyday tasks of the home are now all we have, it allows us to slow down and actually think. The lines “we could tremble, but since we got the bomb and held it in our bosom, nay hold it, it is calm” really made me think of a comparison of the bomb to COVID. (It’s hard for me to read anything nowadays without a pandemic lens). But in a way it’s almost comforting to read this with that lens… we’re grappling with this enormous bomb… we “could tremble” and certainly have, but it’s important to remain calm, hold it, and ride it out until “normality” returns, whatever and whenever that may be.

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  7. Hi everybody! Escaped my house in Cambridge the other day to take my dogs out—we walked by the Longfellow House, and I thought of all of you.

    I, too, enjoyed this Dickinson poem. I was particularly struck by the lines, "I put new Blossoms in the Glass — / And throw the old — away —" because of the cyclical image it gives me. I can see a little montage in my head of Dickinson repeating this task on different days, and it makes me ask the question: What's the point? Not so much what's the point in particular of Dickinson putting out fresh flowers, but more generally, what's the point of any of these little things that we do that amount to a daily routine. This poem considers both the balance provided by routine and the other feelings—doubt, maybe, or the feeling of being stuck—that we can get from it. I read, "We cannot put Ourself away / As a completed Man" as another reflection of this. We can finish tasks, but work on ourselves as people is never really done, and that search for meaning or completion brings us right back to questioning the way we use our time, the mundane activities we repeat—what's the point of it all? Reading and re-reading the end of the poem hasn't yet provided me with a sense of closure, but then again, that does seem fitting.

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  8. Hello! (for some reason this website refuses to accept my wellesley email account, instead showing preference for the strangely-named account I made in middle school. typical. Anyways... this is is Lily!)

    The dashes throughout 443/508 resonate with me, as they lend the piece a feeling of veiled tension -- veiled because, at least in my eyes, those bits of punctuation function to obscure ED's darker ruminations. Picture a text with words/phrases that have been censored so as to erase controversial/dangerous content. That's how I see the dashes in this poem -- lines on the page that evoke a wonderment around what isn't visible to the eyes of the reader. Yes, Emily may *say* she "tie[s] her hat" and "crease[s] her shawl," but what is she truly okay with such mundane tasks peppering her conscious hours? The poem implies that performing simple, domestic acts helps her maintain a state sanity, as detailed by the final stanza in 443:
    "Therefore — we do life's labor —
    Though life's Reward — be done —
    With scrupulous exactness —
    To hold our Senses — on —"
    Thus, she equates everyday chores to a distraction, a way to occupy her mind so it doesn't dwell on more serious matters -- namely, greater questions surrounding Life, Purpose, etc etc. Emily might wonder what all of her menial domestic tasks amount to in the end, but -- as per the poem -- she is so fully engrossed in those tasks that her contemplation of them becomes fragmented. In a hazy sort of way, the poem's narrator is aware of life's brevity, and makes herself a servant to that brevity -- a servant to time itself in her attempts to avoid it. This poem is permeated by a feeling of complacency/compliance, yet I doubt Emily would be so complacent. Perhaps the dashes serve as a sort of blockade, a fence that obstructs Emily's longing for meaning, as well as her revulsion at mundanity.

    In the previously quoted stanza, the dashes render poem particularly fractured, and I imagine Emily performing some sort of rhythmic chore in time with the dashes' beats; to my ear, the sentence fragments are punctuated by the stroke of an iron or the stitch of needle. As I open my computer or feed my sheep or really do anything at all, my actions feel punctuated by a simmering anger/fear/confusion at this newfound state of solitude, so I -- like the poem version of Emily -- attempt to meld into the actions and forget myself. Yet the Real Lily exists in those punctuated in-between spaces, just as I believe the Real Emily does in her poem.

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